Truck loader



C. H. RAYMOND TRUCK LOADER July 14, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 19, 1949 Ewan/'07 July 14, 1953 c. H. RAYMOND TRUCK LOADER Filed Aug. 19, 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 II N h |l|| IL 11' NH Hill" y 4, 1953 c. H. RAYMOND 2,645,360

TRUCK LOADER Filed Aug. 19, 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 ////////////ll//l//l July 14, 1953 c. H. RAYMOND TRUCK LOADER S Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 19, 1949 July 14, 1953 c. H. RAYMOND TRUCK LOADER 5 Sheets-She et 5 Filed Aug. 19, 1949 Patented July 14, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TRUCK LOADER Clifford H. Raymond, Iron River, Mich.

Application August 19, 1949, Serial No. 111,216

4 Claims.

There has long been a recognized need for a practical loader to be carried by trucks for handling heavy loads such as logs and pulpwood, for example. Such a loader must be compact, so as not to occupy much of the space which would otherwise be available for the load, capable of lifting very heavy and fairly high loads, and yet low enough not to require excessively high clearance.- It should be dependable and simple to operate. An objectof the invention is to supply this need.

According to the present invention the dimculty of handling high loads without requiring excessive clearance is overcome by a telescoping construction. An inner frame may be raised out of an outer frame and a mast raised above the inner frame, all under control of one hydraulic cylinder. The frames are of sturdy, simple construction requiring but little space behind the truck cab. Hydraulic means is provided for rotating the mast and boom and hydraulically lowered stabilizing legs are also provided.

Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be. apparent from the description and from the following drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the form of the invention chosen for illustration, shown on a truck and in operative position. 7

Fig. 2, is a fragmentary view similarto Fig. 1 but showing the loader in collapsed position.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view through the 'outer frame of the loader.

Fig. dis a vertical sectional view through the inner frame and mast of the loader, the section being taken through the longer width of the frame, and looking forwardly.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view through the loader in collapsed position.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view showing the bottom of the mast in vertical section.

Fig. 7 is a View somewhat similar to Fig. 5 but showing the apparatus extended. 1

Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view of the stabilizing apparatus.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view showing the stabilizing apparatus inextended and effective posiiron extensions of brace 23.

2 the control block for turning the mast as seen from the line l2-l2 of Fig. 11.

Although the law requires a full and exact description of at least one form of the invention, such as that which follows, it is, of course, the purpose of a patent to cover each new inventive concept therein no matter how it may later be disguised by variations in form or additions of further improvements; and the appended claims are intended to accomplish this purpose by particularly pointing out the parts, improvements or combinations in which the inventive concepts are found.

As seen in Fig. 1, the loader chosen for illustration is mounted on the truck chassis directly behind the cab H. The loader comprises an outer frame 12 secured directly to the main beams l3 of the truck chassis, an inner frame |4,amastI6andaboom l1.

As seen best in Fig. 3, the main frame comprises essentiallyangle bars 18 forming its four corners. The four angle bars are secured together by suitable braces l9 and at the lower portions of their sides are secured to side plates-2| which in turn are secured to the beams 13 of the truck chassis. A platform 22 may be carried at the upper end of outerframe l2 as by channel These extensions may also be used to support a tank 24 for the hydraulic liquid required for the various opera- It will be observed that the braces 19 and tions. other such parts are all secured to the outside of the angle bars [8 so as to leave the inside space in the frame free for movement of inner frame M.

The inner or telescoping frame I 4 is likewise composed of angle bars 26. In this instance the bracing means 21 is secured on the inside surfaces of the angle bars 26 so as to permit them to run smoothly in the angle bars I8.

The mast I6 is of tubular construction as seen in Fig. 4. It is maintained in vertical position by'a drum 3| rotatably carried by the top plate or cross member 32 of the inner frame l4 and a guide 33 carried by an intermediate plate or cross member 34 of the frame M. The boom I! is pivotally connected by pin 36 with the drum 3| and is supported at its outer end by guy chains 31 extending to the two ends (Fig. 7) of a well-braced crosshead 38 on mast 16. A desirable feature of simplicity is that the chains 31 are of predetermined fixed length and the boom is raised or lowered by increasing or decreasing the length of the boom, one section of the length of the boom comprising a hydraulic cylinder 39 for this purpose. i i

Raising the mast The extension of the loader from the elevation shown in Figs. 2 and 5 to its uppermost position approached in Figs. 1 and 7 is accomplished by hydraulic cylinder 4|. This cylinder rests on a shelf '42 carried by one of the cross braces l9. Piston rod 43 of cylinder 4| is carried by an intermediate cross member 44 of the inner frame M, which may be reenforced by braces 45. Thus when the hydraulic liquid is admitted under pressure to cylinder 4| it raises the piston therein and raises the inner frame M from the position shown in Fig. 5 to a position approximately shown in Fig.7.

The movement of the inner frame |4 produces a raising of the mast I6 throughout twice the height that the inner frame I4 is raised. This is accomplished by cables 46 which are shown secured at 41 to the main or outer frame l2 from which point they pass over pulleys 48 and are secured at their other ends to collar 49 to give a two-to-one movement. In the form now preferred a pulley is substituted for each attachment at 4! and the cable extended up and secured to theinner frame M to provide a three-to-one movement. As seen best in Fig. 6, the collar 49 is extends at a high angle. For example, a suitable limiter 50 is provided against which a shoulder 55 or a bearing thereon may be raised as the mast is raised.

Stabilizers When the loader is used to raise the load at one side of a truck the sprin mounting of the truck would result in a very unstable operation, the load tending to tilt the truck on its springs. To prevent this it is preferred that a stabilizer be provided as seen best in Figs..7, 8 and 9'. A length of tubing 5| of square or other non-circular cross section may be secured to the main beams l3 of the chassis of the truck directly under the loader. It may be reenforced by usset plates 52. In each end of tubing 5| is inserted'a length of tubing 53 of like cross-sectional shape forming an extension arm for the stabilizer tube 5|. Each extension arm 53 carries a hydraulic cylinder 54. The piston 56 of each hydraulic cylinder carries at its bottom a plate 5'5 which rests on the ground upon admitting hydraulic fluid to the cylinder 54. The two cylinders 54 may be controlled by independent valves so that each may be shut off and hydraulically locked in position or they'may be operated hydraulically to the limit of their movement, in

which case one valve can lock both of them in this position. The cylinders 54 may be double acting to retract the pistons 56 or the pistons 56 may be retracted by hand when the hydraulic pressure forcing them down is released. They may also be spring-returned.

' Boom rotation around it and looped at each end through a pulley block 63 on piston rod 64 of cylinder 6|. As seen from Figs. 5 and 10 to 12, the cable 62 extends from an eye-bolt 66 around a pulley of pulley block 63 and around successive pulleys 51 to drum 7 3|, around the drum several revolutions, thence.

successively around a pulley 58, and the second pulley of pulley block 63, and up to a securing bolt 69. Thus if the pulley block 63 is raised or lowered it draws on one end of cable 52 and pays out the other end. The cylinder 6| is a double acting cylinder to forcefully actuate the piston rod'in either direction. The stroke of piston rod 64 is equal to at least half of the circumference of the drum 3| so as to be capable of producing a 360 rotation of the boom.

The mast I6 is provided with a spline H (Fig. 5) which runs through a spline groove in drumti so as to rotate the mast. [6 as the boom rotates.

The drum 3| may be provided with suitable rolling bearings illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 11.

' Winch through a roller bearing type of clutch ring to apply pressure between clutch plates 81 and clutch disk 88. Clutch plates 8'! drive drum 8!, and clutch disk 88 is driven by shaft 89, on which drum 8| and plates 81 are free to rotate. Clutch plates 81 are biased apart by suitable springs, not shown. Of course other types of winch control may be used if preferred.

The ratio of movement of control lever to.

that of clutch plates 81 should be quite high so that the clutch can readily be adjusted with the delicacy necessary to control the downward movement of a load by slippage of the clutch. To hold loads suspended without slipping the clutch a pawl and ratchet mechanism is preferably provided. Thus ratchet wheel 9'! is fast on shaft 89 and pawl 98 cooperates to lock the drum against unwinding. Pawl 98 is controlled from platform 22, being spring-biased in one direction (preferably toward release) andurged by a cable and foot lever 99 in the other direction.

Any suitable device (not shown) may be used to prevent overrunning of the winch with consequent backlash. For example, there may be a friction brake applied to the drum light spring.

' Controls The controls maybe located in any convenient position. Preferably they are carried at the top of inner or telescoping framej |4 asseen at 9| in Fig. 1 so as to be accessible to an operator standing on platform '22. Ladder rungs 92 may be provided for climbing to the platform 22., The

'controls may include suitable valves for operating the various hydraulic cylinders'and a lever connected to lever 84 controls the winch. Becauseof the relative movement of parts, highpressure hose connections (not shown) will be appropriate. The valves for controlling elevating cylinder 4| and stabilizing cylinders 54 might well be located in a position accessible from the ground so that the loader-can be converted flange by a 1 to operative condition before the operator climbs to the platform 22.

General operation With the apparatus in the position seen in Fig. 2, it is converted to operating condition by raising the mast and lowering the stabilizers. The mast i6 is raised by admitting hydraulic liquid to cylinder 4! which raises inner frame M, the pulleys 48 on which raise the mast 16 through twice the height of movement of the inner frame M. The stabilizers are lowered, after first being drawn laterally, by admitting liquid under pressure to cylinders 54 above the pistons therein.

The operator standing on platform 22 can raise and lower the boom ll by admitting liquid under pressure to hydraulic cylinder 39 or releasing it therefrom. The resulting changing length of the boom, in view of the fixed length of the guide cables 31, controls the vertical angularity of the boom. The operator can swing the boom as desired through 360 by admitting liquid under pressure to one end or the other of cylinder 6! so that the pulley block 63 carried by its piston pays out and draws in the respective ends of cable 62 to rotate drum 3| by which the boom 39 is carried. The mast l6 rotates with the boom. The operator can also operate the Winch through cable 94 connected with lever 84 which varies the pressure of clutch plates 81' on clutch disk 88. This pressure can be delicately adjusted to hold a load approximately steady by permitting the proper slippage or to raise or lower the load by increasing or decreasing the pressure.

Of course numerous departures may be made from the exact form of the invention illustrated. For example, it is already preferred to extend downwardly the bottom of the inner frame l4 and also the cylinder 6|, so that they will be only slightly above the winch. To'avoid conflict between this structure and winch control clutch lever 84 is may extend upwardly in a nearly vertical direction and be operated through pulleys. The pulleys preferably provide a twofor-one mechanical advantage at the end of a long lever to facilitate delicate clutch control. Thus a substantial movement of the control lever 95 will produce only a minute movement of the clutch plates.

I claim:

1. A telescopic loader for mounting on vehicles including an outer frame adapted to be secured to the vehicle, a telescoping inner frame carried by the outer frame and arranged to move vertically with respect thereto, vertically spaced cross members carried by'the inner frame, a rotatable drum mounted on the upper one of said cross members, a mast passing slidingly through said drum and a lower cross member, said mast being keyed to rotate with the drum but being vertically movable with respect to the drum and said cross members, strand means connected at one end to the outer frame and passing over anti-friction means carried by the upper end of the inner frame and connected at its other end adjacent the lower end of said mast, power means carried by the inner frame for rotating said drum and with it the mast, means within the outer frame for vertically moving said inner frame, and a boom having its inner end connected to said drum.

2. A loader including a frame, a vertically movable mast extending upwardly from the frame,

a drum surrounding and keyed to the mast for rotation therewith but permitting relative vertical movement of mast and drum, a boom having its inner end secured to the drum and its outer end supported from the mast, means for rotating the drum and with it the mast and boom comprising flexible strand means wrapped around the drum and extending therefrom in two directions, and hydraulic means carried by the frame for selectively drawing on the strand means in either direction while paying out the strand means in the other direction to rotate the drum.

3. A loader including a frame, a vertically movable mast extending upwardly from the frame, a drum surroundingthe mast for rotation therewith but permitting relative vertical movement of mast and drum, a boom having its inner end secured to the drum and its outer end supported from the mast, means for rotating the drum and with it the mast and boom comprising flexible strand means wrapped around the drum and extending therefrom in two directions, and hydraulic means carried by the frame for selectively drawing on the strand means in either direction while paying out the strand means in the other direction to rotate the drum, said hydraulic means including a cylinder mounted on the frame, a piston extending upwardly from the cylinder, a movable pulley block carried. by the upper end of the piston, and a pair of pulleys carried by the pulley block, said strand means passing around said pulleys.

4. A loader including a frame, a vertically movable mast extending upwardly from the frame, a drum surrounding the mast for rotation therewith but permitting relative vertical movement of mast and drum, a boom having its inner end secured to the drum and its outer end supported from the mast, means for rotating the drum and with it the mast and boom comprising flexible strand means wrapped around the drum and extending therefrom in two directions, hydraulic means carried by the frame for selectively drawing on the strand means in either direction While paying out the strand means in the other direction to rotate the drum, said strand means being directed around guide pulleys to fixed points with oppositely extending loops each lying between a pulley and a fixed point, and pulley means within the loops. jointly movable by the hydraulic means to extend one loop while permitting the other to retract.

CLIFFORD H. RAYMOND.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 283,037 Stock Aug. 14, 1883 326,336 Sandberg et a1. Sept. 15, 1885 465,157 Buck Dec. 15, 1891 474,142 Myers May 3, 1892 560,086 Dobkins May 1.2, 1896 651,972 Mattson June 19, 1900 1,350,992 Downie Aug. 24, 1920 1,684,607 Thielen Sept. 18, 1928 1,907,024 Willard et a1 May 2, 1933 2,143,111 Hayes Jan. 10, 1939 2,167,026 Hatch July 25, 1939 2,200,274 Hayes May 14, 1940 2,407,811 Brundage Sept. 17, 1946 2,446,586 Harbaugh Aug. 10, 1948 2,480,244 Hodsdon Aug. 30, 1949 2,495,463 Le Tourneau Jan. 24, 1950 2,519,910 Kershaw Aug. 22, 1950 2,557,484 Wagner et a1 June 19, 1951 

